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Outdoors

6 U.S. Beach Towns That Are Just as Great in the Off-Season

By Daily Passport Team
Read time: 6 minutes
September 15, 2023
Updated: September 15, 2023

6 U.S. Beach Towns That Are Just as Great in the Off-Season

By Daily Passport Team
Author
Daily Passport Team
Daily Passport writers have been seen in publications such as National Geographic, Food & Wine, CBC, Condé Nast Traveler, and Business Insider. They're passionate about uncovering unique destinations and sharing expert tips with curious travelers.

The long, warm summer days may be gone, but the good news is so are the crowds from America’s most popular coastal towns. And you don’t have to let the cooler weather stop you from soaking up the fantastic food, interesting architecture, nature activities, and cultural events that these scenic destinations have to offer. Discover a new way to fall in love with these six U.S. beach towns in the off-season. 

Mystic, Connecticut

Historic Mystic Seaport complex in Connecticut
Photo credit:  Richard Cummins/ Alamy Stock Photo

Mystic — located on the east end of Connecticut’s coast — is a quintessentially charming New England town rich in maritime history. Founded in 1654, the city was a hub of shipbuilding in the era of clipper ships. The Mystic Seaport complex, the largest maritime museum in the country, includes a collection of historic clipper ships and sailboats across dozens of preserved period buildings. Beyond boats, the complex offers stunning Mystic River views, charming gardens, a working shipyard, and a living history coastal village that will transport you back to the 19th century.  

All that said, Mystic may still be best known for Mystic Pizza, the iconic 1980s film starring Julia Roberts. Well, movie fans will be happy to know that Mystic Pizza is a real, memorabilia-filled pizzeria — and a delicious one at that. While downtown, you’ll have plenty more charming eateries and shops to choose from. And don’t miss the fantastic views of the century-old Mystic River Bascule Bridge, which swings upward each hour for boat traffic below.

Asbury Park, New Jersey

Swimmers at beach in Asbury Park, New Jersey
Photo credit: Kimberly Mufferi/ Alamy Stock Photo

Asbury Park, on the Jersey Shore, is famous for launching the career of Bruce Springsteen, and maintains a thriving music scene with iconic venues such as the Stone Pony and Asbury Lanes. Bruce is still known to stop by for impromptu performances, but the city also hosts everything from legacy musicians to upstart punk bands, as well as Sea Hear Now, an annual music and surf-culture festival at the end of September. Events continue throughout winter and early spring, culminating in April with the Asbury Park Music + Film Festival and RunAPalooza, which includes multiple running and relay events for athletes from all over the country.

Beyond Asbury Park’s stages, the city has enjoyed somewhat of a renaissance in recent years, with new boutique hotels, quirky shops and galleries, and an impressive array of restaurants that offer old-school Italian options, Korean tacos, and, of course, terrific seafood. Asbury Park’s boardwalk is also a must-see. You’ll find the usual soft serve, taffy, and souvenir tee shirts, as well as historic architecture, palm reading, fusion food, and the Silverball Museum Arcade, a time capsule of vintage arcade games.

Seaside, Florida

Tall white structure on sandy beach in Seaside, Florida
Photo credit: Gavin Zeigler/ Alamy Stock Photo

Seaside, located on Florida’s panhandle on the Gulf Coast, served as the picture-perfect backdrop in the film The Truman Show, starring Jim Carrey. The town’s charm is no accident: Seaside is a planned community that prioritizes pedestrian travel and a neighborly feeling, thanks to narrower streets, front porches, and spaces to gather. Plus, winter in Seaside is mild, ideal for exploring the town’s sandy alleys, native plantings, open spaces, and — of course — white sand beaches.

Seaside is centered around a town plaza, and its buildings primarily feature southern-coastal architecture in soft, pastel colors. The architecturally significant beach pavilions and Seaside Chapel are worth visiting, as is Airstream Row, a collection of independent food vendors in iconic Airstream trailers.

The artsy town also is home to a delightful collection of boutique shops, galleries, and eateries famous for Florida seafood, Southern staples, and over-the-top pastries. A weekly farmer’s market, an amphitheater, and a repertory theater group offer ongoing events. Plus, the off-season is peppered with marathons, wine festivals, and the Annual 30A Songwriters Festival in January — when the town hosts dozens of musicians to fundraise for a local non-profit art organization.

Sea Ranch, California

Cows grazing on grassy hill overlooking Pacific Coast in Sea Ranch, California
Photo credit: Christopher Crawford/ Alamy Stock Photo

Sea Ranch, a small Pacific coast city at the north end of California’s Sonoma County, is another planned community. Founded in the 1960s as an eco-utopia resort on former grazing land for sheep, Sea Ranch is known for unfussy homes that blend into the area’s breathtakingly rugged coastline.

While Sea Ranch is popular year-round, there’s something special about visiting post-summer. Sonoma’s famous wineries harvest their grapes in early fall, so it’s a great time for area tastings and festivals. And as autumn progresses, the vines turn maroon and orange, echoing the area’s aspen trees and creating some incredible photo opportunities.

Of course, superb food and wine abounds in and around Sea Ranch, but the main draw of this 10-mile strip is nature. Six public trails meander along the cliffs and hillsides, occasionally surprising dedicated hikers with incredible views of the ocean. Some trails offer access to untouched inlets and beaches ideal for seashell collecting, birding, and whale watching. Humpback whale migration occurs in November and December, as the giant mammals travel south, and again in March and April, which coincides with the area’s spring wildflower bloom.

Nantucket, Massachusetts

Boats in fog-shrouded harbor of Nantucket, Massachusetts
Photo credit:  Joaquin Ossorio-Castillo/ Alamy Stock Photo

The town of Nantucket, on the island of the same name, is about 30 miles off the coast of Massachusetts’ Cape Cod. The island’s population swells from 11,000 to over 50,000 people during the summer. And for good reason, since the former fishing village is endlessly charming, with gorgeous sand dunes as a backdrop for its cedar-shingled homes and cobblestoned streets.

But there’s a lot to love about off-season Nantucket, as well. The whaling museum is a must-visit for maritime history buffs, and fishing and lobstering excursions and scenic boat tours are available well past Labor Day. Come fall, you can enjoy the rare combination of beautiful beaches and stunning fall foliage. In October, a cranberry festival celebrates the island’s famous harvest. November brings peak leaf-peeping season and the Thanksgiving morning Cold Turkey Plunge, when swimmers gather to take an icy dip in the ocean.

Cannon Beach, Oregon

Iconic Haystack Rock off the shore of Cannon Beach, Oregon
Photo credit: Hudson Fleece/ Alamy Stock Photo

Cannon Beach, on the Oregon coast northwest of Portland, often sees dramatic weather in the fall and winter — but that’s part of what makes it so alluring. Visitors can expect surreal sunrises and sunsets, roaring ocean waves, sunshowers breaking to reveal spectacular rainbows, and otherworldly mists hugging the shoreline.

Beyond the storms, Cannon Beach is a well-known destination for the arts, home to numerous art galleries and abundant live music. All that art culminates each November with the Stormy Weather Arts Festival, when visitors can enjoy live musical performances and wander among several galleries admiring art.

Nature lovers won’t want to miss the top-notch wildlife sightings here, including resident bald eagles, a local herd of elk that often ends up grazing in area parks or on beaches, or the incredible migration of up to 20,000 gray whales passing through the area each December and January. And, for a holiday escape, Cannon Beach goes all-out with a special lamp-lighting ceremony, winter concerts, charming winter decorations, and plenty of independent shops to search for gifts.

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Culture

7 of the Largest Oktoberfest Celebrations That Aren’t in Germany

By Daily Passport Team
Read time: 5 minutes
September 15, 2023
Updated: September 15, 2023

7 of the Largest Oktoberfest Celebrations That Aren’t in Germany

By Daily Passport Team
Author
Daily Passport Team
Daily Passport writers have been seen in publications such as National Geographic, Food & Wine, CBC, Condé Nast Traveler, and Business Insider. They're passionate about uncovering unique destinations and sharing expert tips with curious travelers.

Each autumn, Oktoberfest welcomes hundreds of thousands of visitors to Munich, the capital of Germany’s Bavaria region, for two weeks of beer drinking, bratwursts, folk dancing, and lederhosen. Though the celebration is now world-famous, it all began with the festivities for a royal wedding in 1810. Munich, of course, still hosts the original Oktoberfest to this day, but other cities around the globe put their own spin on the Bavarian tradition. Here are seven of the best Oktoberfests to visit outside of Germany.

Kitchener-Waterloo Oktoberfest – Ontario, Canada

Scenic path under autumn-colored trees in Kitchener, Ontario
Photo credit: Peter Kovacs Imagery/ Shutterstock

In late September, the twin cities of Kitchener and Waterloo join forces for not only the biggest Bavarian festival in Canada but also the largest Oktoberfest celebration outside of Germany. The inaugural Kitchener-Waterloo Oktoberfest kicked off in 1969, when patrons consumed an incredible 57,000 gallons of beer and 50,000 pounds of sausages.

It’s now become an 18-day event with more than a dozen family-friendly event halls (festhalle in German) and beer gardens spread throughout the two towns. Locals come dressed in lederhosen and dirndl dresses to enjoy activities such as barrel racing and a Miss Oktoberfest pageant. The festival coincides with Canadian Thanksgiving (the second Monday in October) and includes the country’s largest Thanksgiving Day parade.

Denver Oktoberfest – Denver, Colorado

Image of City Park in Denver, Colorado, with Rocky Mountains in background
Photo credit: aphotostory/ Shutterstock

Craft beer aficionados head to the Mile High City year-round to sample artisanal and experimental brews at dozens of brewpubs, microbreweries, and taprooms. But during the last two weekends of September, it’s time for German beer-drinking customs to take center stage at Denver Oktoberfest.

The festival, which began in 1969, features pop-up venues spread all across the city. Alongside abundant ales and German fare, there’s keg bowling, sausage eating, and stein hoisting competitions. Judges keep an eye on everyone’s outfits, too, and hand out awards for the best dressed attendees. The first weekend of Oktoberfest coincides with Denver Beer Week, so the city is literally swimming in beer and beer-centric activities.

Frankenmuth Oktoberfest – Frankenmuth, Michigan

Historic riverboat in Frankenmuth, Michigan
Photo credit: ehrlif/ Alamy Stock Photo

The moment you set foot in Frankenmuth, Michigan, the city’s German connections are obvious. Bavarian-style buildings line Main Street and serve as breweries, chocolate shops, hotels, and even a cuckoo clock store. It’s fitting that this city nicknamed “America’s Little Bavaria” puts on an annual beer festival, Frankenmuth Oktoberfest, which has even gained recognition from across the pond. (Lord Mayor Christian Ude of Germany gave the event an official blessing in 1996.) Frankenmuth was also the first city in the U.S. to import beer from the historic Munich brewery Hofbrauhaus in 1997.

Each September, Midwestern beer lovers flock to Heritage Park for steins of pilsner, pretzels, schnitzels, and dancing at a replica German beer hall. Those planning on staying for a few extra days can continue on the German beer trail at the 150-year-old Frankenmuth Brewery and the Frankenmuth Historical Museum.

Harvest Haus – Vancouver, Canada

Momiji Garden in Hastings Park in Vancouver, British Columbia

For one weekend in October, the PNE Forum events venue in Vancouver’s Hastings Park becomes a place of non-stop beer drinking and European harvest traditions. Drinkers at Harvest Haus can choose from more than 25 European craft beers, wines, and spirits to fuel their merriment. Paired with the beer are seasonal dishes and Oktoberfest classics, such as schnitzel and spaetzle, and an oompah band brings German sounds to the party. The Stein Olympics at Harvest Haus also offers sporting entertainment — including axe throwing, beer pong, darts, and giant Jenga.

London Oktoberfest – London, England

View of London's Tower Bridge from Thames River bank
Photo credit: Sven Hansche/ Shutterstock

Brits are known to enjoy their beer, so boisterous Bavarian beer parties aren’t out of place in the United Kingdom. London Oktoberfest features multiple weekends of revelry from early October to mid-November. The events take place at three citywide venues and welcome over 50,000 guests. Revelers can find beer tents with long communal tables and waiters and waitresses dressed in the iconic blue and white colors of Bavaria. There are also special family and Halloween days, when guests are encouraged to join the party dressed in costume. Otherwise, the rest of the time, almost everyone comes in dirndls and lederhosen, chilly British weather be damned.

Oktoberfest Blumenau – Santa Catarina, Brazil

Bavarian-themed village in Brazil
Photo credit: Diego Grandi/ Shutterstock

A German chemist and pharmacist named Hermann Otto Blumenau founded the city of Blumenau in southeastern Brazil in 1850. Today, the city’s German heritage is proudly displayed each fall at one of the world’s largest Oktoberfest festivals. First held in 1984, Oktoberfest Blumenau welcomes over 500,000 guests. Events kick off with a parade and beauty pageant on XV de Novembro Street, which is notable for its replica Bavarian landmarks.

The beer-chugging, bratwurst-feasting fun then moves to Villa Germanica Park, a square also surrounded by Bavarian buildings. Serious beer drinkers can enter the Chope em Metro contests, in which participants try to down a meter-tall glass of beer without spilling a drop. While here, it’s worth visiting the Beer Museum Blumenau to learn how the city grew to become Brazil’s capital of beer.

Oktoberfest Zinzinnati – Cincinnati, Ohio

Autumn-tinged leaves framing downtown Cincinnati, Ohio, skyline
Photo credit: Mariana Ianovska/ Alamy Stock Photo

America’s largest Oktoberfest is held every September on the riverfront of Cincinnati, Ohio. Oktoberfest Zinzinnati first took place in 1974 and now draws more than half a million people each year. It’s a colorful showcase of Southwest Ohio’s German heritage, as German immigrants were among the first to settle the city in the late 1700s. Visitors can expect typical Bavarian food and beer provided by Samual Adams and local craft breweries. It all comes with a soundtrack of oompah music from Cincinnati’s finest German-American bands, regional musicians, and karaoke.

Among the festival’s major highlights is the Running of the Wieners, when one hundred dachshunds compete in a race while dressed in hot dog costumes. The course is only 75 feet long, but the owners and dogs take the 10 heats and final seriously. To top off the festivities, there are also beer barrel rolling and stein carrying contests.

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History

Do You Know the Hidden Meanings Behind These National Flags?

By Bennett Kleinman
Read time: 5 minutes
September 13, 2023
Updated: September 13, 2023

Do You Know the Hidden Meanings Behind These National Flags?

By Bennett Kleinman
Author
Bennett Kleinman
Bennett is a New York City-based staff writer for Daily Passport. He previously contributed to television programs such as the Late Show With David Letterman, as well as digital publications like the Onion. Bennett has traveled to 48 U.S. states and all 30 Major League Baseball stadiums.

Flags are a proud symbol of national identity. Their vibrant palettes and intricate designs often possess a deep cultural meaning. For example, the distinct panels of the many tricolor flags around the world have historic and religious ties, while emblems such as Canada’s red maple leaf correspond to a country’s economy and natural beauty. The backstories behind some national flags may be more straightforward, but the design of others may be slightly more ambiguous without a helpful explainer. Below, discover the hidden meanings behind eight national flags.

Nepal

Golden Buddhist statues in Kathmandu, Nepal
Photo credit: Alex. Shevchenko/ Shutterstock

The flag of Nepal is the only national flag with a non-quadrilateral shape, with two triangular pennants stacked atop one another. The dual triangles not only represent the pointed peaks of Nepal’s sacred Himalayan mountains, but also the country’s two primary religions: Hinduism and Buddhism. 

The coloring of Nepal’s flag features a deep red interior surrounded by a blue border. The red represents the color of the country’s national flower, the rhododendron, as well as the fierce resolve of its people as well as victory in war — in contrast to the blue border, which is the color of peace. The Nepalese flag also features a white moon emitting eight rays and a white sun emitting 12 rays. These symbols have connections to past Nepalese dynasties, and they express hope that the country will last as long as those celestial bodies.

Brazil

Brasilia Cathedral in Brasilia, Brazil, seen at night
Photo credit: Diego Grandi/ Alamy Stock Photo

The Brazilian flag features a green border containing a yellow diamond, which itself contains a blue circle adorned with white stars. The green and yellow represent past regional dynasties — the green denotes the House of Bragança, which ruled over Brazil from 1822 to 1889, while the yellow honors the European House of Habsburg. It’s said that Brazilian emperor Pedro I’s wife — a descendant of the Habsburgs — suggested the yellow color to honor her heritage. 

Meanwhile, the flag’s blue circle and its stars symbolize the constellations of the Southern Hemisphere as seen from Rio de Janeiro on November 15, 1889 — the day that Brazil became a republic. Those 27 stars also represent the individual states of Brazil. Lastly, the blue orb is adorned with the slogan Ordem e Progresso, which translates to “Order and Progress,” the foundational elements of Latin American democracy.

Mexico

Gold-domed rooftops of church overlooking Mexico City
Photo credit: Jess Kraft/ Shutterstock

The Mexican flag features a tricolor design of green, white, and red panels. The green symbolizes Mexican independence, the white represents the Roman Catholic religion, and the red denotes Mexican unity. These are the three basic principles established as part of the “Three Guarantees” of Iguala, an agreement that allowed Mexico to gain freedom from Spain in 1821

The flag of Mexico also features an intricately designed emblem at its center. It showcases an eagle with a snake in its beak standing over a cactus, reflecting  the rich culture of the Aztec peoples who once inhabited the region. The design is said to represent a vision that the Aztec founders of the ancient city of Tenochtitlan saw back in 1325.

Malaysia

Buildings in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, with reflection on lake at sunset
Photo credit: TTstudio/ Shutterstock

The Malaysian flag is similar to that of the United States, containing 14 red and white horizontal stripes. Thirteen of those stripes represent the individual states of Malaysia, whereas the fourteenth stripe honors the Malaysian government as a whole. The flag also features a blue square in its upper left corner, which is meant to reflect the unity of the Malaysian people. Inside that square are a yellow crescent moon and a 14-pointed star. Yellow is considered the color of royalty in Malaysia, and the coloring of the flag pays homage to past Malay rulers. The shapes themselves are reflective of Islam, the country’s official religion.

United Kingdom

Big Ben, Parliament Building, and Thames River in London, England
Photo credit: Mistervlad/ Shutterstock

The flag of the United Kingdom is one of the world’s most recognizable national emblems, but many people might not know the meaning behind its design. Nicknamed the “Union Jack,” the U.K. flag consists of three heraldic crosses overlaid atop one another. These joint crosses are meant to convey the unification of separate nations under one kingdom in 1707

The red cross represents St. George, the patron saint of England, and includes both the countries of England and Wales. The patron saint of Scotland, St. Andrew, is represented by the color blue and a white “X.” Lastly, St. Patrick, the patron saint of Ireland, is represented by a red “X.” All three of these distinct crosses combine to form the tricolor British flag.

South Africa

Mountainous coastline of South Africa
Photo credit: Dereje/ Shutterstock

The South African flag contains six colors, making it one of the world’s most colorful flags. The black, green, and gold colors are shared with the banner of the African National Congress, while the remaining three colors were inspired by the flag of the South African province of Transvaal

South Africa’s national flag was adopted in 1994 to commemorate the country’s post-Apartheid era. The government made it clear that no individual group is represented by any one color. Instead, the colors serve a more abstract purpose to signify the harmony of different racial groups without calling out any specific ones in particular. The shape of the flag’s design, however, does have a specific meaning — its Y-shape symbolizes converging paths and the merging of the country’s history with its present.

Greece

Blue-and-white church on rocky hilltop in Greece at sunset
Photo credit: Esin Deniz/ Shutterstock

Greece’s national flag features only two colors: blue and white, which are the country’s national colors. The blue symbolizes the Greek skies, whereas the white honors the purity of the Greek quest for independence. The design of the flag also holds significance. A white cross in the upper left corner pays homage to the country’s Eastern Orthodox religion. The nine alternating blue and white stripes represent the total number of syllables in the country’s national motto, “Freedom or Death,” as written in the Greek language. 

India

Temple in New Delhi, India
Photo credit: Aoshi VN/ Shutterstock

First proposed in 1921, the Indian flag initially had deep religious meaning, incorporating the colors of the Hindu and Muslim peoples to form a two-color flag that was bisected horizontally. But after reviewing the proposal, independence leader Mahatma Gandhi suggested adding a third white horizontal line in the center. This additional white line represented the diversity of the country’s various religious communities. 

However, upon official adoption of the flag, all religious meaning was stripped away. Instead, the colors were reattributed to represent bravery, harmony, and faith. The national flag of India also features a blue wheel with 24 spokes at its center known as the Ashoka Chakra. The spokes of this “wheel of time” represent the principles of life and also reflect each hour of the day.

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Outdoors

Take in the View From 6 of the World’s Tallest Sea Cliffs

By Bradley O'Neill
Read time: 5 minutes
September 13, 2023
Updated: October 12, 2023

Take in the View From 6 of the World’s Tallest Sea Cliffs

By Bradley O'Neill

Sea cliffs are steep, often vertical faces of rock and soil that rise above coastlines. They are created by geological actions such as sea erosion — when waves relentlessly crash against the shore, the base of a cliff erodes progressively until a distinct sheer face appears. Weathering forces the process to repeat itself, thus causing the sea cliff to retreat over time. Dramatic to look at and a photographer’s dream, sea cliffs also provide natural habitats to hundreds of species of flora and fauna around the world. Below, explore six of the tallest sea cliffs on the planet.

6. Slieve League – Ireland (1,972 Feet)

View from Slieve League over Irish coastline
Photo credit: Paul Heinrich/ Alamy Stock Photo

Slieve League (also known as Sliabh Lag) is home to some of the tallest sea cliffs in Europe, soaring nearly 2,000 feet over Ireland’s northwest Atlantic coastline in County Donegal. Visitors can drive almost all the way to the main lookout over the cliffs, Bunglas Viewpoint, and take in stunning views of Donegal Bay, Rathlin O’Birne Island, and the so-called “Giant’s Chair and Desk” — which, according to folklore, belonged to the giant Finn McCool. 

Hikers can also explore routes such as One Man’s Path and Pilgrim’s Path. They cross land once traversed by Christian pilgrims, who consider the cliffs to be sacred. Be sure to stop by the Slieve League Cliffs Centre to learn about local history and legends or arrange a guided tour of the area.

5. Croaghaun – Ireland (2,257 Feet)

Sheep grazing on Croaghaun in Ireland with sea in background thousands of feet below
Photo credit: AlbertMi/ Alamy Stock Photo

Just a few hundred feet taller than Slieve League, Croaghaun boasts the tallest sea cliffs in Ireland. They occupy the northern side of Croaghaun Mountain, which towers over the western edge of the remote and windswept Achill Island. The vertical rock faces stretch for around 11 miles along the island’s Atlantic coastline. 

Part of the mysticism that surrounds Croaghaun is that the cliffs are only accessible by foot or boat. A hike to the top takes between two and five hours, depending on the route and individual fitness levels. Keem Beach marks the start of the shortest (yet still challenging) trail. The reward for reaching the summit are views of the nearby Benmore cliffs, Achill Head promontory, far-reaching deep blue seas. Many include a stop here while journeying on the Wild Atlantic Way, a popular 1,600-mile coastal tourism trail.

4. Qingshui Cliff – Taiwan (2,408 Feet)

Image of the Qingshui Cliff in Taiwan
Photo credit: ParrySuwanitch/ Shutterstock

Qingshui Cliff is a layered rock formation consisting of marble and gneiss, a high-grade metamorphic rock. It’s the tallest of a 13-mile-long stretch of sea cliffs that hug Taiwan’s Pacific shores within Taroko National Park. In 1953, the breathtaking cliffs were designated as one of Taiwan’s “Eight Wonders.” 

One of the best ways to appreciate this area is to drive along Suao-Hualien Highway, which features vegetation-clad cliffs on one side and a sheer drop into the Pacific Ocean on the other. Scenic lookouts provide the chance to stop and appreciate the enormity of the cliffs, which reach nearly 2,500 feet above the sea. Another option is to walk the short Chongde Trail to more observation points and spot the lithophyte plants that grow in the cracks and crevices along the way.  

3. Cape Enniberg – Faroe Islands (2,474 Feet)

Dramatic vistas of Cape Enniberg in the Faroe Islands
Photo credit: imageBROKER.com GmbH & Co. KG/ Alamy Stock Photo

For intrepid explorers, a hike to the summit of Cape Enniberg is at the top of the list of adventures in the remote and rugged Faroe Islands, a territory of Denmark. Carved over centuries by the wind and rain, this enormous volcanic sea wall marks the northernmost tip of both Viðoy Island and the Faroes archipelago. 

A full-day journey to the cliffs starts with a hike up 2,759-foot Mount Villingadalsfjall, the islands’ third-tallest peak, before continuing to the edge of Cape Enniberg. The soaring heights and surrounding icy waters will make you feel as if you’re at the edge of the world. Those who prefer a more laid-back visit can experience the cliff and island on a boat tour departing from Klaksvik, on the neighboring island of Borðoy. 

2. Hornelen – Norway (2,821 Feet)

Clouds shrouding Norway's Hornelen, the tallest sea cliff in Europe
Photo credit: A. Aleksandravicius/ Shutterstock

Looming over the vast fjords and islands of Norway’s southwestern coastline, Hornelen is the tallest sea cliff in Europe. Historically utilized as a navigational point for passing ships, the imposing landmark is also associated with Norwegian folklore, which says that witches gather here for the summer solstice and to rest when traveling to nearby Bloksberg mountain. Another legend states that King Olav Tryggvason once scaled the entire rock face unaided. 

Traditionally, the route to the summit was via a demanding hike across moorland and rocky terrain. However, the new Hornelen Via Ferrata, which opened in 2023, now offers guided tours climb to varying heights of the cliff. Whichever adventure you choose, you’ll get wondrous views of Norway’s emblematic fjordland.

1. Kalaupapa Cliffs – Hawaii (3,900 Feet)

Lush green Kalaupapa Cliffs in Hawaii, seen from the sea
Photo credit: kridsada kamsombat/ Shutterstock

According to the Guinness World Records, the world’s highest sea cliffs are found on the northern coastline of Hawaii’s Molokai island. The Kalaupapa Cliffs form part of the Kalaupapa National Historical Park, an area of jaw-dropping scenery that includes everything from volcanic craters and crater lakes to lush valleys and rain forests. The cliffs themselves appeared between 1 to 1.5 million years ago, when a northern portion of the island gave way and fell into the sea. 

Once reachable via mule rides, sections of the cliffs today are accessible on self-guided tours. Visitor numbers are controlled to protect the park residents, who are the descendants  of a Hansen’s disease colony banished to the Kalaupapa Peninsula by King Kamehameha V. Less than 10 miles to the east are the Haloku Sea Cliffs, the site of some of the tallest waterfalls in the U.S.

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Outdoors

16 Countries With the Most National Parks

By Jersey Griggs
Read time: 9 minutes
September 13, 2023
Updated: April 17, 2025

16 Countries With the Most National Parks

By Jersey Griggs
Author
Jersey Griggs
Jersey is a travel and lifestyle writer whose work has appeared in publications such as Condé Nast Traveler, Business Insider, and Bust. When she’s not exploring her adopted home state of Maine, she’s likely planning her next big trip.

You may know that the U.S. is home to 63 national parks, but what country has the most national parks? The answer lies Down Under, in Australia, and the number of parks there may surprise you. But no matter what part of the world you travel to, protected lands allow visitors to experience a country’s natural beauty, wildlife, and biodiversity in one fell swoop. When it comes to conservation efforts, the following countries surpass all others, with some of the best national parks in the world.

16. Finland

Reindeer overlooking national park in Finland
Credit: Kersti Lindstrom/ iStock via Getty Images Plus

Number of parks: 41

Venture to the “Land of the Midnight Sun” and you’ll have 41 national parks at your disposal — not to mention 24 hours of sunlight if you visit in the height of summer. An hour’s drive from Helsinki, Nuuksio National Park, one of Finland’s most popular parks, offers hiking trails, lakes, and camping sites. Further north in sparsely populated Lapland, the country’s largest and northernmost region, you’ll find a bevy of national parks known for their arctic wilderness. 

Also consider visiting Pyhä-Luosto National Park (home to gorges and an amethyst mine), Urho Kekkonen National Park (be on the lookout for reindeer herds), Oulanka National Park (which contains the 50-mile-long Bear’s Trail), and Riisitunturi National Park (land of Scandinavia’s famous “frozen trees”).

15. Venezuela

Angel Falls in Venezuela
Credit: robas/ iStock via Getty Images Plus 

Number of parks: 43

Home to rainforests, savannas, caves, and tepuis (flat-topped mountains), Venezuela boasts incredible biodiversity across its 43 national parks. The country’s most famous national park, Canaima National Park, is also a UNESCO World Heritage Site, thanks to the legendary Angel Falls — the world’s tallest waterfall — and the 115 tepuis found throughout the park. 

Established in 1937, Venezuela’s oldest national park is Henri Pittier National Park, which has 500 bird species and cloud forests at high elevations. To see the largest population of the rare nocturnal oilbird, head to Cueva del Guácharo National Park, an elaborate cave system that stretches for 6 miles underground.

14. Chile

Rugged peaks of Torres del Paine National Park in Chile
Credit: ichywong/ iStock via Getty Images Plus 

Number of parks: 46

Like many countries on this list, Chile is a treasure trove for adventure seekers, and each of Chile’s 46 national parks — covering roughly 20% of the country’s area — is different from the next. The most well-known park is Torres del Paine in the Patagonia region in southern Chile. The park’s striking turquoise lakes, granite spires, and glaciers make it a popular spot among trekkers from around the world. 

Located 2,200 miles off the Pacific coast of Chile, Rapa Nui National Park on Easter Island is famous for the mysterious Moai statues. In the Atacama Desert, travelers will find the unusual combination of penguins and cacti within Pan de Azúcar National Park’s unique ecosystem.

Related: The Mystery of the Moai Statues and Other Secrets of Easter Island

11. Canada (tie)

Waterfall in Canada's Jasper National Park
Credit: yvesgagnon1974/ iStock via Getty Images Plus

Number of parks: 48

The Great White North has 37 national parks and 11 national park preserves that extend from coast to coast. In Canada’s Maritimes region, Fundy National Park boasts the highest tides in the world, while the grassy dunes and red sand beaches at Prince Edward Island National Park are straight out of Anne of Green Gables. (Indeed, P.E.I. was the setting for the classic novel.) 

On the west coast, Canada’s Pacific Rim National Park Reserve has a rainforested coastline known for its frequent whale sightings. To the north, Auyuittuq National Park is home to glaciers and polar bears, while world-famous favorites like Banff National Park (the country’s first national park, established in 1885) and Jasper National Park provide unforgettable experiences in the Canadian Rockies.

11. Norway (tie)

Tundra landscape of Dovrefjell National Park in Norway
Credit: imageBROKER/Moritz Wolf/ imageBROKER via Getty Images 

Number of parks: 48

From fjords to glaciers, Arctic tundra, and snowy peaks, Norway’s network of national parks showcases a jaw-dropping array of natural landscapes. Of Norway’s 48 national parks, 41 are on the mainland and seven are located in the Svalbard archipelago, a small group of remote islands above the Arctic Circle. 

Some of the country’s best wildlife spotting can be found in Dovrefjell-Sunndalsfjella National Park, where wild musk oxen range alongside reindeer and arctic foxes. Meanwhile, Lofotodden National Park provides a mixture of dramatic seascapes and mountain vistas in the Lofoten Islands, and the country’s highest mountains, Galdhøpiggen (8,100 feet) and Glittertind (8,045 feet), are in Jotunheimen National Park.

11. Turkey (tie)

Turquoise waters of Dilek National Park in Turkey
Credit: Алексей Облов/ Moment Unreleased via Getty Images 

Number of parks: 48

With 48 national parks to choose from, Turkey has almost everything an outdoorsy traveler could want. On Turkey’s western coast, the Dilek Peninsula is home to white-sand beaches and pine forests, providing access to hiking trails with views of the nearby Greek Islands.

For a taste of the mountains, Aladağlar Milli Parkı contains four climbable peaks, lush valleys, and an abundance of waterfalls and glacial lakes. Köprülü Kanyon Milli Parkı also draws adventure seekers, with opportunities to white-water raft, rock climb, and traverse the historic St. Paul Trail, a 300-mile route that follows the route St. Paul the Apostle took on his first missionary journey to Anatolia.

10. Indonesia

Camper relaxing in tent with view of Indonesian volcano
Photo credit: Mumemories/ Shutterstock

Number of parks: 57

The archipelagic nation of Indonesia is home to an estimated 18,100 islands and islets. With so many islands to explore, Indonesia’s national parks help to narrow down the options. Adventure seekers should head to Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park, a volcanic region with mountain summits, horseback riding, and an exotic “sand sea.”

To spot the world’s largest reptile in its natural habitat, Komodo National Park — established in 1980 in Indonesia’s first group of national parks — is composed of three different islands, all with numerous hiking paths to search for the park’s eponymous Komodo dragon.

9. Colombia

Sandy coastline strewn with boulders in Colombia
Photo credit: Olga Kot Photo/ Shutterstock

Number of parks: 59

Thanks to decades of conservation efforts, Colombia now has 59 national parks and protected areas, adding up to 77,220 square miles. The country’s diverse landscape — from the Andes mountains to tropical rainforests and the Caribbean coastline — means that no two parks are the same.

Situated on the coast, Parque Nacional Natural Tayrona is a slice of paradise, with sandy beaches and swaying palm trees. Further inland, Los Nevados National Park provides a more rugged experience in Colombia’s coffee-growing region. Home to natural hot springs, an active volcano, and a hummingbird sanctuary, this high-altitude region provides no shortage of outdoor activities.

8. United States

Hiker alongside water in Isle Royale National Park
Photo credit: Brynn DeLange/ Shutterstock

Number of parks: 63

America’s National Park System is vast, with a total of 423 national park sites — a distinction that includes historic sites, monuments, seashores, and recreation areas. Of these sites, only 63 are designated national parks. (Several of these, such as Gates of the Arctic and Denali, are jointly classified as national parks and preserves.)

With world-renowned heavy hitters like the Grand Canyon, Yosemite, and Yellowstone (established as the world’s first national park in 1872) on the table, it can be easy to overlook some of the smaller or lesser-known parks in the U.S. But places like North Cascades National Park, Isle Royale National Park, and Lassen Volcanic National Park, are also well-worth the visit, with stunning vistas, unique experiences, and fewer crowds. 

7. Russia

Forested valley in Russia
Credit: Valery Bocman/ iStock via Getty Images Plus 

Number of parks: 64

As to be expected for the world’s largest country by area, Russia’s national park system is extensive. Situated in the remote Kamchatka Peninsula, Nalychevo Nature Park contains mineral springs, snow-capped mountains, and wild rivers, making it a coveted destination for anglers. The aptly named Land of the Leopard National Park is home to an estimated 80 Amur leopards, one of the rarest big cat species on Earth. South of Moscow, Sochi National Park is one of the most-visited national parks in Russia, with waterfalls, caves, and the Black Sea coastline.

6. Mexico

Rocky landscape of Mexico's Cabo Pulmo Baja California National Park
Photo credit: Andrea Izzotti/ Shutterstock

Number of parks: 67

Spread throughout 23 states, Mexico’s national parks are notable for their biodiversity. Located off the Baja Peninsula, Cabo Pulmo National Park was described by French naval officer and author Jacques Cousteau as “the aquarium of the world.” The 27.5-square-mile marine protected area is home to sea turtles, tropical fish, and one of the oldest coral reefs in North America.

In Cañón del Sumidero, spider monkeys and crocodiles live within the confines of the park’s rainforest canyon. To fully experience the park, book a river float down the Grijalva River, which formed the canyon’s dramatic cliffs millions of years ago.

5. Brazil

Rock arch on beach in Jericoacoara National Park in Brazil
Photo credit: riorganization/ Shutterstock

Number of parks: 76

As the largest country in South America, Brazil’s landscape is incredibly diverse. Located in the state of Ceará, Jericoacoara National Park contains no roads — only sandy paths that meander between the park’s stunning white sand beaches, exotic dunes, and inland lakes. In Brazil’s southern region, Aparados da Serra National Park is an outdoor playground for eco-travelers. Home to the mesmerizing Itaimbezinho Canyon, the park is known for its dramatic views, staggering waterfalls, and rainforest hiking trails.

Related: 10 of South America’s Most Beautiful Natural Wonders

4. Israel

Walkway over lake in Israel
Photo credit: Teo K/ Shutterstock

Number of parks: 81

With 81 national parks and a further 400 sites designated as nature reserves, Israel’s national park system covers approximately 20% of the country. Of these parks, Masada National Park, established in 1966, is perhaps the best known. Overlooking the Dead Sea, the archeological site welcomes tourists who climb to see where the Judea rebels fought the Romans in 73 and 74 CE. Near the Sea of Galilee, the Hula Nature Reserve is one of the only wet habitats in the Middle East. It’s home to eucalyptus groves, water buffalo, and thousands of birds who stop for water on their migratory routes.

3. India

Monkeys at temple site overlooking lush scenery in India
Photo credit: Thegauravframes/ Shutterstock

Number of parks: 106

India’s protected lands offer something for everyone. Rajasthan’s Ranthambore National Park is a famous wildlife sanctuary and one of the best spots to see tigers in the world. Visitors can tour the former hunting ground on a Jeep safari in search of tigers, birds, and reptiles. Situated between Bhutan and Nepal, Khangchendzonga National Park draws adventurous trekkers who come to climb Kanchenjunga, the third-tallest summit in the world at 28,169 feet above sea level.

2. Thailand

Boat in greenish waters with limestone islands in Thailand
Photo credit: Day2505/ Shutterstock

Number of parks: 156

Thailand’s national parks range from the picture-perfect coastlines to wild inland jungle. Lauded as one of the best diving sites in the world, the Similan Islands park contains a protected coral reef, while Khao Sok National Park is home to caves, tropical forests, and floating accommodations. Along the Burmese border, Kaeng Krachan is the country’s largest national park, covering 1,125 square miles. It’s an ideal playground for naturalists hoping to spot the park’s varied wildlife, including leopards and sun bears.

1. Australia

Suspension bridge in Australian national park
Photo credit: Zoya Avenirovna/ Shutterstock

Number of parks: 726

Home to a whopping 726 protected sites, Australia is the country with the most national parks. The nation’s public lands cover 13.5 million square miles, equal to roughly 4% of the country’s total land mass. With so many parks to choose from, travelers can take their pick between jaw-dropping views at Great Otway National Park, turquoise bays at Cape Le Grand National Park, or the famous 4.4-billion-year-old rock monolith, Uluru, at Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park

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Culture

Sip Away and Discover America’s Lesser-Known Wine Regions

By Cynthia Barnes
Read time: 4 minutes
September 13, 2023
Updated: April 29, 2024

Sip Away and Discover America’s Lesser-Known Wine Regions

By Cynthia Barnes
Author
Cynthia Barnes
Cynthia kicked around the world for a while before landing in Colorado. Her work has appeared in Food & Wine, the Boston Globe, and National Geographic, among others. She loves dives — both scuba and bars — baseball, the Oxford comma, and live music.

Napa, Sonoma, Willamette: These names are synonymous with “fine wine,” and rightly so. Some of the most impressive vintages in the U.S. come from these regions, and they attract millions of visitors each year. But popularity can come at a price, and tastings at the most sought-after wineries can cost a pretty penny and require reservations months in advance. Fortunately, there are many wonderful and affordable American wine getaways beyond the big names. Here are five of our favorite lesser-known U.S wine regions.

Temecula Valley, California

Vineyards in Temecula, California, seen from above
Photo credit: Patricia Elaine Thomas/ Shutterstock

Northern California is home to world-famous wine regions such as Napa and Sonoma, but the southern part of the state also has its standouts. Only an hour north of San Diego, the rolling hills of the Temecula Valley are home to over 40 wineries. Sheltered between mountains and the Pacific coast, this Inland Empire region offers the opportunity to enjoy carefully crafted vintages in a relaxed atmosphere that still honors its Old West, equestrian roots. Take a trail ride, treat yourself to a massage, soak up the scenery from a hot air balloon, or stroll through the historic downtown — that is, when you’re not tasting wines made from the more than 30 varietals grown in the valley. One standout is Fazeli Cellars, where Iranian-born B.J. Fazeli and his family continue a long tradition of producing award-winning boutique wines.

Finger Lakes Region, New York

Vineyards in the Finger Lakes region of New York
Photo credit: PQK/ Shutterstock

The largest wine-producing region in the U.S. east of California, upstate New York’s Finger Lakes region boasts more than 100 wineries and four wine trails. Explore the Cayuga Lake Wine Trail, the Seneca Lake Wine Trail, the Keuka Lake Wine Trail, or the Canandaigua Wine Trail — all within a landscape covering 9,000 picturesque square miles of lakes, waterfalls, and rolling hills. Although the mainstays of the region have been chardonnays, rieslings, and Gewürztraminers, the area is now home to a number of notable rosés and sparkling wines, too. For noteworthy reds, check out the Lemberger and cabernet sauvignons at Bright Leaf Vineyard.

Augusta, Missouri

Lake framed by trees in Augusta, Missouri
Photo credit: Wspin/ Shutterstock

The first designated AVA (American Viticultural Area) was not in California, nor Washington, but in unassuming Augusta, Missouri. German settlers found the rolling hills of the Missouri River Valley similar to their native Rhineland, and quickly established vineyards. In fact, fine French wines might not exist without Missouri: When the phylloxera louse was ravaging crops in Europe in the mid-19th century, millions of phylloxera-resistant Missouri rootstock were grafted onto Old World vines, saving the industry. If you decide to visit, don’t skip sampling wines made from native grapes like Catawba and Norton for a 100% All-American wine experience, and be sure to check out the German architecture (and wines) in the nearby town of Hermann, too.

Four Corners Region, Colorado

Snow-covered archaeological site in Mesa Verde National Park, Colorado
Photo credit: Colin D. Young/ Shutterstock

Low humidity, cool mountain breezes, and an average of 300 days of sunshine a year make Colorado a natural choice for wine grape production. The Centennial State boasts more than 170 licensed wineries, primarily concentrated in the mountainous west. The Four Corners region has some of the state’s most stunning scenery, including glorious Victorian-era mining towns like Silverton and Durango and the jaw-dropping Ancestral Puebloan ruins at Mesa Verde. It also offers some of Colorado’s finest wines, including award winners like Sutcliffe Vineyards, which crafts in the traditional French style, and Fox Fire Farms, which highlights unusual cold-climate varieties like Traminette, Corot Noir, and Petite Pearl.

Yakima Valley, Washington

Overview of vineyards in Yakima Valley, Washington
Photo credit: Margaretha Maryk/ Shutterstock

Willamette and Walla Walla may get more publicity, but the wines produced in this region in eastern Washington can definitely hold their own. Beer lovers know that this fertile agricultural area produces some of the nation’s best hops. Yakima Valley also produces more than half of Washington’s grapes, and has more than 90 wineries and five distinct AVAs. The vibe here is unpretentious, with come-as-you-are tastings that won’t break the bank. The quaint town of Prosser has more than 30 wineries, a dozen of them within walking distance of each other. In Zillah, relax amongy lavender fields as you sample the Petit Verdot at J. Bell Cellars.

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Culture

17 Small U.S. Towns With Unique Claims to Fame

By Daily Passport Team
Read time: 10 minutes
September 12, 2023
Updated: December 18, 2025

17 Small U.S. Towns With Unique Claims to Fame

By Daily Passport Team
Author
Daily Passport Team
Daily Passport writers have been seen in publications such as National Geographic, Food & Wine, CBC, Condé Nast Traveler, and Business Insider. They're passionate about uncovering unique destinations and sharing expert tips with curious travelers.

Love spinach? Perhaps you’ve visited the “Spinach Capital of the World” — which happens to be the small town of Alma, Arkansas. Or maybe you’re intrigued by UFOs or Bigfoot — there are world capitals for both, in Wisconsin and California, respectively. Being the world capital of a specific food, product, or even mythical creature doesn’t require any official certification — often, a city or town will claim bragging rights due to their unique cultural history, geographical quirks, or the mainstay of their economies. Explore 17 U.S. cities and towns that claim to be the capitals of strange and surprising things.

Earmuff Capital of the World – Farmington, Maine

Snow-covered trees in Maine
Photo credit: Rebecca C. Photography/ Shutterstock

One of the most useful inventions for keeping warm in winter came from Farmington, Maine, in the late 19th century. The earmuff was the brainchild of Chester Greenwood, who came home from a particularly cold day of skating when he was just 15 years old and decided tucking an itchy wool scarf into his hat to cover his ears would no longer suffice. Using wire and beaver fur, sewed into place by his grandmother, he created the first “ear muffler” prototype. When Greenwood was 18, he was awarded a patent for his design.

Farmington is now proudly known as the “Earmuff Capital of the World,” and on the first Saturday of December, the town celebrates Chester Greenwood Day. The festival includes activities such as a charity run, craft fair, chili cook-off, polar bear dip, and the town’s official holiday tree-lighting ceremony. There’s even a parade in which people, animals, and even vehicles proudly wear earmuffs.

Artichoke Capital of the World – Castroville, California

The sun, soil, and dewy fog in Castroville, California, create the perfect storm for agriculture. The Monterey County town produces three-quarters of the state’s artichoke supply and has built a booming tourism business centered around its identity as the artichoke center of the world.

There’s the world’s largest artichoke, the Giant Artichoke restaurant, and an annual artichoke festival — where a burgeoning star known as Marilyn Monroe was crowned Castroville’s first unofficial Artichoke queen in 1948.

Troll Capital of the World – Mount Horeb, Wisconsin

Scandinavian home in Mount Horeb, Wisconsin
Photo credit: Ting-Li Lin/ Alamy Stock Photo

This small Wisconsin village celebrates its Scandinavian heritage proudly. Dozens of life-sized wooden troll carvings are scattered all throughout the streets, a nod to the traditional folklore of the Norwegian immigrants who helped settle the region in the 1800s.

Mount Horeb’s largest concentration of trolls are found along the town’s Main Street. The Chamber of Commerce renamed the stretch the “Trollway,” attempting to divert highway traffic through the downtown and into local businesses. As you amble through the charming downtown with your handy map and hunt for all the troll statues, you can even stop into the popular Grumpy Troll Brew Pub for some decidedly non-grumpy refreshments.

Spinach Capital of the World – Alma, Arkansas

In 1937, Crystal City, Texas, declared itself the spinach world capital and erected a statue of the cartoon icon Popeye the Sailor, known for eating the leafy greens for strength.

However, that changed by the late 1980s. The Allen Canning Company in Alma, Arkansas, canned 65% of the country’s spinach by that time, 60 million pounds of which came from local crops. The city took over the Spinach Capital of the World title, erecting its very own Popeye statue and even repainting the town’s water tower as the world’s biggest spinach can. Despite some friendly back-and-forth from Texas in the beginning, Alma’s title has remained more or less uncontested — and both Crystal City and Alma still hold popular annual spinach festivals.

Lost Luggage Capital of the World – Scottsboro, Alabama

Carlsbad Caverns in Scottsboro, Alabama
Photo credit: The Protected Art Archive/ Alamy Stock Photo

Some airport luggage never gets claimed. If, after three months, U.S. airlines are unsuccessful in locating the owners of orphaned bags, they will sell and ship them to primarily one place: the Unclaimed Baggage Center in Scottsboro, Alabama.

Since 1970, the center has sold, donated, or recycled the contents to the public, making it the only lost-luggage retailer in the country. While the majority of the recovered items are standard vacation fare such as clothing or electronics, true gems occasionally pop up — such as a suitcase full of Egyptian artifacts.

Related: What To Do If the Airline Loses Your Luggage on Vacation

Bigfoot Capital of the World – Willow Creek, California

Tourists hoping to catch a glimpse of Bigfoot have flocked to this tiny Northern California town since the 1960s. It’s been the site of several alleged sightings over the years, and Sasquatch has become a big part of the town’s identity.

Visitors can drive the Bigfoot Scenic Byway, stay at the Bigfoot Motel, visit the Bigfoot exhibit at Willow Creek China Flat Museum (including footprint casts, photos, and maps of where the creature has been spotted), and celebrate at the annual Bigfoot Daze festival.

UFO Capital of the World – Belleville and Elmwood, Wisconsin

Historic Paoli Mill outside of Madison, Wisconsin
Photo credit: Ron Lutz II/ Alamy Stock Photo

Move over, Roswell. The New Mexico town may have a legendary reputation as the site of a mysterious government UFO cover-up, but Wisconsin is home to two towns that claim to be the UFO Capital of the World.

The Badger State seems to be a hub of alleged extraterrestrial activity. Elmwood famously had a string of sightings in the 1970s and later tried to fundraise to build a UFO landing site. Meanwhile, Belleville made regional headlines in the 1980s for a widely reported UFO sighting. Several other Wisconsin towns, such as Long Lake and Dundee, have also reported an alien presence, but don’t claim to be the capital of anything — they merely celebrate their otherworldly visitors with festivals and public memorabilia displays.

Speed Capital of the World – Bonneville Salt Flats, Utah

Northwestern Utah is home to a massive, 30,000-acre expanse of salt flats so barren that they are uninhabitable by plants or animals. The flats are, however, home to the Bonneville Speedway, a stretch used for extreme motorsports where several land speed records have been set — earning the area the title of Speed Capital of the World.

The salt desert has been used as a raceway since the early 1900s. Since then, several major land-speed events featuring cars, trucks, and motorcycles have become annual celebrations, including Speed Week, World of Speed, and the World Finals.

Toilet Paper Capital of the World – Green Bay, Wisconsin

Model train ride at amusement park in Green Bay, Wisconsin
Photo credit: James Pintar – E/ Alamy Stock Photo

Your mind might wander to all kinds of places envisioning how Green Bay became the Toilet Paper Capital of the World. Record-breaking bathroom habits? Epic prank wars? However, the very reasonable origin is actually thanks to the city’s long-running paper manufacturing industry.

In the early 1930s, the Northern Paper Company put Green Bay on the toilet paper map by manufacturing the first splinter-free toilet paper. (Yes, earlier versions had actual wooden splinters because of the way toilet paper was manufactured. Ouch!) The paper industry in Green Bay did much more than provide a memorable world capital status — it actually helped the Wisconsin city avoid the worst of the Great Depression.

Shark Attack Capital of the World – New Smyrna Beach, Florida

The International Shark Attack File (ISAF) is a scientifically verified database of global shark attacks managed by the Florida Museum of Natural History and the University of Florida. According to their data, New Smyrna Beach, Florida, is the Shark Attack Capital of the World, and anyone who has swam there has likely been within 10 feet of a shark.

Fortunately, shark attacks in this central Florida coast city do not tend to be fatal, and the number of attacks has dipped in recent years, likely due to changing migration patterns of the blacktip shark. Despite New Smyrna’s shark attack status, the Shark Tooth Capital of the World is actually in Venice, Florida.

Halloween Capital of the World – Anoka, Minnesota

Frozen dam, seen at night, in Anoka, Minnesota
Photo credit: GREG RYAN/ Alamy Stock Photo

Anoka, Minnesota, is believed to be the first U.S. city to hold an organized Halloween celebration. It started on November 1, 1919, when Anoka residents awoke to a chaotic post-Halloween scene: cows set loose through downtown buildings and streets, wagons on rooftops, and overturned outhouses. The following year, the community came together to plan a massive celebration complete with a parade, activities, and lots of treats — intended to prevent kids from partaking in destructive Halloween pranks.

Now, the festivities take over the entire month of October, featuring several parades and attracting Halloween-loving tourists from around the world. In 1937, Congress officially named Anoka the Halloween Capital of the World.

Fried Chicken Capital of the World – Barberton, Ohio

Ohio probably isn’t the first place you might expect to find the Fried Chicken Capital of the World. But the city of Barberton, located about 40 miles south of Cleveland, has been famous for the delicious dish since the 1930s, when Serbian immigrants Smiljka and Manojlo Topalsky lost their farm to the Great Depression and instead started selling their Serbian-style fried chicken. The recipe quickly caught on at other restaurants in the area, and soon, Barbertonians were reportedly eating upwards of 30,000 of the now-famous chicken meals every week.

While the Serbian chicken recipe hasn’t spread too far outside of Barberton, several local restaurants still serve the beloved dish — including Belgrade Gardens, the original restaurant opened by the Topalskys in 1933.

Related: Road Trip? 7 Must-Visit U.S. Food Capitals

Barbed Wire Capital of the World – La Crosse, Kansas

Dock at Cross Timbers State Park in Woodson County, Kansas
Photo credit: Melisa A Skinner/ Shutterstock

No, this small Kansas city isn’t the birthplace of barbed wire. But much of it did make its way through the midwestern town after barbed wire was invented in the late 1800s, becoming an important part of La Crosse’s settlement and agricultural history.  

During the 1960s, La Crosse became a hotspot for barbed wire collectors, leading to the establishment of the Kansas Barbed Wire Museum — where you can view over 2,400 varieties of the spiky metal barricade — and the nicknaming of the city as the Barbed Wire Capital of the World.

Corn Cob Pipe Capital of the World – Washington, Missouri

Corn cob pipes may largely be a thing of the past, but Washington, Missouri, still proudly celebrates their heritage. It’s all thanks to Henry Tibbe, a Dutch woodworker who, in 1869, made a sweet-smoking pipe out of a corncob for a friend. By the early 1900s, the invention was so popular that Tibbe — and about a dozen other enterprising people — founded companies specifically for making corn cob pipes out of the small Missouri city.

Eventually, Tibbe’s company rebranded as Missouri Meerschaum, and while the other manufacturers eventually shuttered, Meerschaum — which once counted actor Douglas Fairbanks Jr. and writer Mark Twain as loyal customers — remains the only factory in the world still solely dedicated to making corn cob pipes.

Decoy Capital of the World – Havre de Grace, Maryland

Lighthouse in Havre de Grace, Maryland
Photo credit: Edwin Remsberg/ Alamy Stock Photo

Maryland is known for its crabs, so it’s no surprise the state has an official state crustacean (the blue crab) and even a town that claims to be the Crab Capital of the World. But the Old Line State also has a town with a more obscure title: the Decoy Capital of the World.

Havre de Grace, located at the head of the Chesapeake Bay, has long been known for its duck hunting. For almost as long, the town’s decoy woodwork has been an inherent part of its heritage — at one time, more wooden ducks and geese were carved here than anywhere else. While initially used strictly to lure waterfowl for hunters, the decoys have become collector’s items and treasured works of art. In 1986, the Havre de Grace Decoy Museum opened as a way to preserve their historical and cultural legacy.

Red Flannel Capital of the World – Cedar Springs, Michigan

This Michigan town got its unique title by accident. In 1936, a New York newspaper column lamented the country’s shortage of red flannel during a particularly cold winter. However, a newspaper in Cedar Springs — a booming lumber town whose residents sported the iconic lumberjack look on just about every street corner — challenged the claim and asserted there was plenty to go around.

Orders reportedly flooded in from around the country, and three years later, in the fall of 1939, Cedar Springs celebrated the first Red Flannel Day. The tradition continues to this day, with a popular festival that takes place during the last weekend in September and the first weekend in October.

Leap Year Capital of the World – Anthony, New Mexico/Texas

Main street of Anthony, New Mexico, the self-proclaimed "Leap Year Capital of the World"
Photo credit: NPC Collectiom/ Alamy Stock Photo

Once every four years, an extra day is added to February, the shortest month of the year, to keep the Earth’s rotation aligned with our calendar. And every leap year, the twin small towns of Anthony, which straddle the New Mexico and Texas border, hold a huge party to celebrate.

The neighboring towns share the self-proclaimed Leap Year Capital of the World title. In 1988, a member of the Anthony (Texas) Chamber of Commerce who celebrated a February 29 birthday proposed a local festival for the community on the date. Each year since, the celebration has grown to include events and a popular parade — attracting leaplings from around the world for a festive few days of live music, barbecues, and more.

Related: These Twin Towns Are the "Leap Year Capital of the World"
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History

8 Landmarks That Are Entirely Different From Their Original Purposes

By Daily Passport Team
Read time: 6 minutes
September 12, 2023
Updated: September 13, 2023

8 Landmarks That Are Entirely Different From Their Original Purposes

By Daily Passport Team
Author
Daily Passport Team
Daily Passport writers have been seen in publications such as National Geographic, Food & Wine, CBC, Condé Nast Traveler, and Business Insider. They're passionate about uncovering unique destinations and sharing expert tips with curious travelers.

Despite the best efforts, buildings with long and interesting histories sometimes fall into despair and abandonment. But fortunately, many of these storied places have been given a new lease on life. From a Dutch church-turned-bookstore to a Beaux-Arts railway station that’s transformed into a world-renowned art museum, these are eight fascinating tourist sites that were originally constructed for different purposes. 

Boekhandel Dominicanen – Maastricht, The Netherlands

Boekhandel Dominicanen is a popular independent bookstore on a cobblestone street in Maastricht’s picturesque city center — but its walls weren’t always covered by books. The store originally opened in the 13th century as a Dominican church, and ecclesiastical activities continued until 1796, when the church began to be used as a stable and exhibition space.

A plan was hatched in 2005 to return the landmark to its former glory following decades of neglect. The original stained-glass windows, vaults, frescos, and a 700-year-old secco painting were all restored. Then, a modern, two-story steel book tower was added. Nowadays, the store receives roughly 700,000 annual visitors who come to peruse around 50,000 books, order coffee at the café, and bask in the celestial ambience.

El Ateneo Grand Splendid – Buenos Aires, Argentina

El Ateneo Grand Splendid is another example of a bookstore that has given new life to a historic landmark. The one-of-a-kind shop opened in 2000, but the building’s history dates back to 1919, when it was known as the Teatro Grand Splendid. For about a decade after opening, the theater was an esteemed venue for ballet, opera, and variety performances. It welcomed tango singers such as Carlos Gardel and Ignacio Corsini to its stage, and it had its own radio station and recording studio, the latter of which was responsible for some of the earliest tango recordings. 

In 1929, the theater became a cinema and was the first place in Argentina to screen sound films. Fast forward to today, and the shop maintains its opulent theater decor. Exquisite frescoes, friezes, and sculptures adorn the balconies and ceiling. Visitors are welcome to browse through thousands of books while sitting in the theater’s boxes and on the stage café.

Haus des Meeres – Vienna, Austria

After the RAF Bomber Command launched air raids on Berlin in 1940, Adolf Hitler sought a way to protect his cities. Consequently, he ordered the construction of anti-aircraft gun blockhouses called flak towers. Many were demolished after the end of World War II, but some remained as stark reminders of a bygone era. 

One such example stands in Vienna’s Esterhazy Park. This imposing concrete structure rises 154 feet above the park’s leafy gardens. Since 1957, it has been the venue for the Haus de Meeres Aqua Terra Zoo. Nine floors were added to the tower’s original two to create an aquarium home to birds, crocodiles, fish, monkeys, and snakes. It also houses an exhibition about the tower’s wartime history, a panoramic observation deck, and a 98-foot-high exterior climbing wall.

Landschaftspark – Duisburg, Germany

Landschaftspark, which is German for “Landscape Park,” is a paradise for cultural, leisure, and sporting activities. This isn’t your average urban city park, however. It occupies nearly 445 acres of an ironworks site that was abandoned in 1985. Award-winning landscape architect Peter Latz won a competition to redevelop the area. Rather than tear down the arresting structures, Latz chose to use them creatively and honor the region’s industrial heritage. 

The old casthouse is now an abseiling course, the ore deposit bunker is a climbing wall, and the gasometer is Europe’s largest indoor scuba diving pool. The park is also home to biking and walking trails, playgrounds, a performance stage, and bird’s-eye views from the summit of a blast furnace. Those who visit in the evening get to see the ironworks glimmer beneath a light installation.

Musée d’Orsay – Paris, France

Art lovers delight in the displays of 19th- and 20th-century European art at the Musée d’Orsay, which houses masterpieces by artists including Claude Monet, Edgar Degas, Paul Cézanne, and Vincent van Gogh. But the museum is also notable for its historical, grandiose Beaux-Arts building. Inaugurated for the 1900 Paris Exhibition, the building operated as the Gare d’Orsay railway terminal until 1939, when advances in train technology led to the decommission of the terminal. 

Almost half a century would pass before the opening of the museum. In between, the obsolete station was a wartime mailing center, the place where Charles de Gaulle announced his return to politics, and a filming location for Orson Welles’ drama and mystery movie The Trial.

Seoullu 7017 – Seoul, South Korea

Pedestrians in downtown Seoul benefit from intimate encounters with nature amid the city’s skyscrapers at Seoullu 7017 sky garden. This 0.6-mile raised walkway is an ever-changing arboretum decorated with roughly 24,000 flower, shrub, and tree species. Plants are exhibited in alphabetical order and change with the seasons. Alongside gardens and lily ponds are cafés, a children’s theater, play areas, a public foot bath, and shops. 

The sky garden was unveiled in 2017, but for the 47 years prior it was an overpass of a downtown highway. It’s part of a plan to make Seoul a greener and friendlier city. And it isn’t the first time the city has turned a thoroughfare into a public recreation space. In 2005, an elevated highway was removed in order to reopen the 6.8-mile-long Cheonggyecheon Stream.

Tate Modern – London, England

If not for the sign, you might not expect the building of the Tate Modern to be home to one of the United Kingdom’s finest modern art collections. Overlooking the River Thames from London’s South Bank, the monstrous, brick-clad landmark is the former site of the Bankside Power Station. The man responsible for the building was Sir Giles Gilbert Scott, who also designed Battersea Power Station and Waterloo Bridge. From 1947 to 1989, the power station generated electricity for the city and was a training center for engineering apprentices. 

In 1994, the Tate Gallery announced its takeover of the site for a new contemporary and modern art gallery. Architects created a huge exhibition space by stripping the building back to its steel-and-brick shell and adding a rooftop light box. Today natural light illuminates a collection of masterpieces by Dali, Picasso, and Warhol, among others.

Tequendama Falls Museum – San Antonio del Tequendama, Colombia

The Tequendama Falls Museum occupies a luxuriant, French-style mansion perched on a clifftop above the Bogotá River. Revered for its uninterrupted views of the 433-foot Tequendama Falls, the museum features exhibitions about Colombia’s biodiversity, cultures, and history. Travel back in time to the early 20th century, however, and life here was somewhat different

In 1923, a mansion-like train station was built to celebrate the 1920s affluence of Colombian high society. It operated as the Hotel del Salto from 1928 and was the scene of decadent banquets and parties. In 2016, plans to transform the train station went underway, but there are still traces of its glamorous past. Ghostly apparitions have shrouded the landmark in mystery for many years. Local lore states that the Muisca tribespeople jumped from the waterfall to flee from the Spanish in the 1500s. Some say that the voices of their spirits continue to resonate around the museum and falls.

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Outdoors

Discovering the Trans Canada Trail, the World’s Longest Recreational Trail

By Daily Passport Team
Read time: 6 minutes
September 12, 2023
Updated: June 15, 2026

Discovering the Trans Canada Trail, the World’s Longest Recreational Trail

By Daily Passport Team
Author
Daily Passport Team
Daily Passport writers have been seen in publications such as National Geographic, Food & Wine, CBC, Condé Nast Traveler, and Business Insider. They're passionate about uncovering unique destinations and sharing expert tips with curious travelers.

“Epic” doesn’t begin to describe the Trans Canada Trail. As the longest network of multiuse recreational trails on Earth, it stretches over 17,000 miles — touching three oceans, passing through incredibly varied landscapes, and connecting more than 15,000 communities across the Great White North. Eight out of every 10 Canadians live within 30 minutes of the trail. If you’re seeking a coast-to-coast Canadian adventure, here’s everything you need to know about the Trans Canada Trail. 

The History of the Trail

Empty track of the Trans Canada Railway through mountainous landscape
Photo credit: Always Wanderlust/ Shutterstock

The concept of a national trail that would stretch from coast to coast was first discussed in 1992, when authorities sought a way of marking the country’s 125th anniversary. Also known as the “Sentier Transcanadien,” the trail would connect many shorter trails across the nation, with the potential to expand over time, and preserve greenspace for future generations. In a country as vast and sparsely populated as Canada, the trail would also signify a culturally diverse nation and serve as a reminder that rural communities are as valued as major cities.

The Trans Canada Trail launched in 2017, to coincide with Canada’s 150th anniversary, but since then it has evolved further. By August 2021, the length of the Trans Canada Trail exceeded 17,400 miles. Impressive though that is, the recreational path is set to grow even more, thanks to the continued commitment of local trail groups.

The real joy of exploring the Trans Canada Trail is traversing such diverse terrain. Some sections of the route are backcountry paths through pristine Canadian wilderness, while others follow roads or waterways through urban and rural communities. As such, adventurous trail-blazers are encouraged to partake in a range of outdoor activities along the way, such as hiking, cycling, paddling, horseback riding, cross-country skiing, and snowmobiling. In other words, it doesn’t really matter how you use the trail, as long as you enjoy the great outdoors.

Traversing the Trail

A section of the Trans Canada Trail through flower-filled meadow in Alberta
Photo credit: Sam and Brian/ Shutterstock

If you maintained a steady pace, covering 20 miles a day, it would take you more than two years — probably more — to complete the main section of the Trans Canada Trail, which stretches from St. John’s, Newfoundland, to Victoria, British Columbia. You’d need to add even more time if you planned to head up to the Arctic and back. Few have achieved such a feat, but those who have form an elite club. Just ask pioneering trailblazers Dana Meise and Sarah Jackson; both managed to finish this incredible trail in 2018 and 2017, respectively — a triumph that took them years.

A more recent thru-hiker who completed the trail is filmmaker Dianne Whelan. She set out on her groundbreaking journey in 2015, before the Trans Canada Trail’s official launch, and reached her destination six years later on August 1, 2021, having averaged about eight months each year on the trail. After achieving her ambitious goal, Whelan told reporters that she hoped to turn her experience into a documentary.

Another equally intrepid hiker is German-Canadian resident Melanie Vogel, who set out from Cape Spear in June 2017. Her plan is to head west from Newfoundland, through Nova Scotia and Québec, and on to Ontario and Manitoba, before reaching the cold tundra of Yukon and the Northwest Territories. After reaching the Arctic Ocean, she plans to travel south to Alberta before finishing in Victoria.

Though Vogel intended the journey to be a solo hike, a stray yellow lab, whom she named Malo, had other ideas and tagged along for company in Manitoba. The COVID-19 pandemic, however, forced Vogel to hang around in Yukon for a year, briefly abandoning her plans. Now, as restrictions in the Northwest Territories have finally lifted and the borders are now open, this remarkable woman intends to finish what she started. When she does, it will be an extraordinary achievement.

Highlights of the Trail

Empty Trans-Canada Highway leading to tall mountain peaks
Photo credit: Robinotof/ Shutterstock

Many people don’t have the determination, stamina, and sheer grit necessary to finish the Trans Canada Trail in its entirety, but exploring sections of this epic route is for everyone. To get the most out of the trail, it’s rewarding to take time to explore the sights along the way. Planning such a trip is easy, thanks to an interactive map provided on the Trans Canada Trail website and a handy app that makes light work of logistics. Here are some especially breathtaking sections to help you get started.

Fundy National Park

Rocky coastline of Fundy National Park in Canada
Photo credit: GIBAN/ Shutterstock

This trail capitalizes on the Bay of Fundy’s pristine beauty, offering visitors the chance to peer out from more than 20 scenic overlooks. From the Lighthouse Observation Deck, you’ll enjoy a breathtaking view of the bay all the way to the lighthouse at Quaco Head west of St. Martin’s, while the Fuller Falls Observation Deck gets you up close to one of the area’s prettiest waterfalls.

Cross a 275-foot-long suspension footbridge, admire the iconic sea stack known as Flowerpot Rock, and learn how the region’s early settlers made a living from the logging industry. With stretches past wild beaches along the coast, home to the highest tides on the planet, as well as 600-million-year-old rock formations, it’s not hard to see why this section is a clear favorite.

Waterfront Trail

Pathway along sea cliffs on the Trans Canada Trail
Photo credit: Ramon Cliff/ Shutterstock

Lake Ontario is the star of this waterfront path that links Toronto to the city of Burlington and beyond. Enjoy stellar views of well-known landmarks, such as the CN Tower, Fort York, and the Toronto harbor, as well as other attractions, such as the Humber Bay Butterfly Habitat (check out the monarchs when they gather here in September) and the Royal Botanical Gardens.

Stick to the shoreline for the flattest terrain. Continue on, by bicycle or on foot, through the Niagara Wine Region, stopping in some of the area’s charming vineyards. End your journey at Niagara Falls, where you can hop on the famous Maid of the Mist ferry, one of the best ways to appreciate the currents that create North America’s greatest cascade.

Kananaskis Country Trail

Mountainous landscape as seen from the Trans Canada Trail
Photo credit: BGSmith/ Shutterstock

The Bow Valley and Quaite Creek trails meet to form the Kananaskis Country Trail. This is the highest point along the entire route, which skirts around alpine lakes with dramatic views of the Canadian Rockies. As you’d expect in Alberta, the trail offers endless unspoiled vistas, yet you’re barely an hour’s drive away from the bustling city of Calgary.

Get an adrenaline rush with a canyoning tour in Bow Valley, tackling a series of descents, jumps, slides, and rappels in this outdoor playground. The wilderness surrounding the trail shares many elements that you’d find in nearby Banff National Park — with a fraction of the crowds. In summer, hike or kayak; when the winter snow appears, swap your boots for cross-country skis.

Sea to Sky Marine Trail

Image of a rainforest in Canada
Photo credit: Lijuan Guo/ Shutterstock

The Sea to Sky Marine Trail connects the Pacific Ocean to the snowy peaks of the Coast Mountains. Running from the British Columbian villages of Pemberton to Squamish for just over 100 miles, the section of the Trans Canada Trail passes Whistler, one of the country’s premier ski resorts, along the way. Expect jaw-dropping views of canyons and mountains, with craggy rocks punctuating dense groves of trees. Continue south toward Vancouver by kayak or canoe.

If you still have the energy, hike the Grouse Grind — dubbed Nature’s StairMaster — up Grouse Mountain. This grueling hike involves climbing 2,830 steps over an elevation gain of 2,800 feet in less than two miles, but the panoramic view at the top is well-worth the effort.

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Architecture

6 Spectacular Gothic Landmarks Architecture Buffs Should Visit

By Julia Hammond
Read time: 5 minutes
September 7, 2023
Updated: September 7, 2023

6 Spectacular Gothic Landmarks Architecture Buffs Should Visit

By Julia Hammond
Author
Julia Hammond
Julia is a U.K.-based travel writer whose work has been featured in The Independent, The Telegraph, The New Zealand Herald, and Culture Trip, among others. She’s an enthusiastic advocate for independent travel and a passionate geographer who has had the privilege of traveling to more than 130 countries in search of a story.

Gothic architecture originated in Europe during the Middle Ages. The elaborate style is characterized by flying buttresses (beams that extend outwards from a building to supporting pillars), rib vaults that support ceilings, pinnacles, spires, pointed arches, ornate doorways, and grand stained glass windows. Many of the best examples of Gothic buildings are churches, but over time, the style has evolved, and neo-Gothic landmarks — such as the Tribune Tower in Chicago, Illinois, and the parliament building in Budapest, Hungary — have also taken shape. Consider yourself an architecture buff? Here are six spectacular Gothic buildings to visit around the world.

Cologne Cathedral – Cologne, Germany

People passing by ornate Gothic facade of the Cologne Cathedral
Photo credit: gumbao/ Shutterstock

Work began on the grand Kölner Dom (Cologne Cathedral) in 1248 and continued, on and off, until the 19th century. The cathedral was built in the Rayonnant Gothic architectural style, which emerged in France in the height of the Gothic period. Impressively, the construction teams across the years stuck faithfully to the same plans — perhaps it’s no wonder, then, that the remarkable church became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1996. 

In the 1880s, the Cologne Cathedral was the tallest building in the world. It remains the largest Gothic church in Northern Europe, with the tips of its twin spires soaring 515 feet above ground. And that’s not the only super-sized feature: Among the cathedral’s bells is the Petersglocke, which locals have nicknamed the “Pitter.” Cast in 1923, it was the largest free-swinging bell in the world until 2018, when a larger one was made in neighboring Poland.

Notre-Dame de Paris – Paris, France

Notre-Dame de Paris cathedral, seen across Seine River
Photo credit: Catarina Belova/ Shutterstock

Restoration work continues on perhaps the most famous Gothic cathedral of all: Notre-Dame de Paris, located on the Île de la Cité in the French capital. Work initially commenced on this glorious cathedral in the 12th century and continued for 300 years. Two early Gothic towers combine with carvings and figures of Old Testament kings to create an imposing western façade. Three magnificent rose windows adorn the cathedral, with the stained glass in the north window dating from the 13th century.

At the opposite end of the building, flying buttresses support the apse. They weren’t in the original plans, but as stress fractures appeared in the thin walls, they were an effective and beautiful fix. In 2019, a fire tragically broke out at Notre-Dame, causing extensive damage to the roof, some of its rib vaulting, and the cathedral’s 19th-century spire. Fortunately, the cathedral has partially reopened to visitors as of 2023.

Leuven Town Hall – Leuven, Belgium

Gothic facade of Leuven Town Hall in Belgium
Photo credit: Mistervlad/ Shutterstock

From 1448 to 1469, architect Matthijs van Layens oversaw work on a Gothic-style town hall for Leuven, a central Belgian city located east of Brussels. Though the structure, replete with turrets and balustrades, was in many respects complete by the time the architect finished his work, he left more than 200 alcoves to be filled with statues. 

However, that stage of the project ran into difficulties almost immediately. A ship carrying the first five statues sank in a storm, and their replacements were stolen. Five more were ordered and installed, but they came crashing down to the ground in bad weather not long afterwards. It took an angry letter in 1852 from none other than the French writer Victor Hugo to galvanize the authorities into action, and voilà — all 236 niches soon had a statue. The statue of controversial monarch King Leopold II, however, was removed in 2020, leaving 235 on public view.

Milan Cathedral – Milan, Italy

Soaring Gothic exterior of the Milan Cathedral in Italy
Photo credit: Noppasin Wongchum/ Shutterstock

Spread over 109,000 square feet and reaching heights of 345 feet, the Duomo di Milano is Italy’s largest cathedral. Simone da Orsenigo, the chief engineer first tasked with creating it in the 14th century, envisaged building with brick. However, work had barely started when his plan was abandoned, and it was decided the cathedral should be clad in pale pink Candoglia marble instead. 

French architect Nicholas de Bonaventure introduced a strong Gothic element to the cathedral, but over the course of its construction many others would have a hand in its design. The marathon project would eventually be completed nearly 600 years later, in 1965. Its roof is particularly popular with tourists, who can inspect its many pinnacles, spires, and flying buttresses as they take in the view over the city.  

Rector’s Palace – Dubrovnik, Croatia

Arched Gothic columns lining Rector's Palace in Dubrovnik, Croatia
Photo credit: trabantos/ Shutterstock

This elegant Gothic palace — with Renaissance and Baroque enhancements — was constructed in the 15th century to serve a dual purpose: as the offices and the residence of the Rector (governor) of the Dubrovnik Republic. Onofrio de la Cava, an architect from Naples, was placed in charge of the project, but no one would admire his finished work for long. 

A gunpowder explosion in 1463 and a devastating fire in 1667 caused considerable damage to the building. Disaster struck again in 1667, when a powerful earthquake largely destroyed the interior of the Rector’s Palace and its courtyard, necessitating another extensive rebuild. Today, the carefully restored palace houses the city’s Cultural History Museum

Corvin Castle – Hunedoara, Romania

Bridge leading to Corvin Castle in Romania
Photo credit: Perekotypole/ Shutterstock

Corvin Castle — one of the Seven Wonders of Romania — is a 15th-century Transylvanian Gothic-Renaissance castle that was built on top of an older fortress. Some claim it inspired Bram Stoker’s Dracula, though there’s no record the author ever visited here. And what visitors see today is a reconstruction after a fire left the place semi-derelict, with some critics arguing that it’s not as true to the original as it should have been. 

Nevertheless, the castle is still a remarkable place. Pointed turrets rise above a drawbridge leading to a stone courtyard. A late Gothic banqueting hall in the castle’s large palace, known as the Knights Hall, features striking cross ribs and marble columns.